The growth and development of a child is very dependent on sleep because during sleep, brain cells are repaired and about 75% of growth hormones are produced. Sleep also has a major effect on mental, emotional and physical health as well as the body's immune system. Poor sleep patterns can result in brain abnormalities in children. 1
OSAS or Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a syndrome in which. episode apnea or hypopnea on moment Sleep. Prevalence OSAS in children is highest in preschool age and can occur in children with adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy, craniofacial structural abnormalities, obesity, abnormalities in the nasal area and neck circumference. Adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy are the most common conditions that cause OSAS in children. 1
OSAS on child different with mature Good from factor risk and also management. Clinical manifestations of OSAS in children are difficulty breathing during sleep, snoring, daytime sleepiness, and sometimes enuresis. At night, symptoms can appear such as children sleeping with their mouths open, snoring and often experiencing respiratory arrest so that children often wake up from their sleep because of difficulty breathing and lack of oxygen (hypoxia), then during the day they will experience symptoms such as often falling asleep in class, learning difficulties and other cognitive disorders so that there is a decrease in academic achievement. Long-term hypoxic conditions in children with OSAS with high apnea and hypopnea indices can cause cor-pulmonale , pulmonary hypertension and failure to thrive. 2
A number of House Sick use criteria snore Which different
and the criteria for OSA in adults cannot be applied to children. The examinations that can be performed to confirm OSAS in children consist of subjective and objective examinations. Finding a history of snoring in children is a routine examination, so if a history of snoring is found, a detailed sleep history needs to be explored. In addition, a polysomnogram examination is needed in children suspected of suffering from OSAS. during sleep as a standard. If the polysomnogram shows an apnea index in a child > 1, then the child is suffering from OSAS. 3
Management of children with OSAS can be with medication, diet, continuous positive pressure ventilation (CPAP) and surgery. The choice of OSAS therapy in children must be in accordance with risk factors and indications. Good counseling and long-term monitoring are important for the success of OSAS therapy in children. 4,5,6