Nose is senses sense of smell Which own various function, Among them are the olfactory function, respiratory function, phonetic function and as a nasal reflex. Nose consists of from nose part outside And nose part in. Nose formed in beginning time pregnancy on Sunday third And Sunday fourth And will become a complete nose after the sixth and seventh weeks. Many abnormalities can arise in the embryological period of the nose, one of the abnormalities that can occur is choanal atresia. 1-3
Atresia koana is closed Wrong One or second part posterior from the nasal cavity by an abnormal membrane or bone. This congenital obstruction occurs behind the nose (posterior choana), which connects the nose and nasopharynx. Choanal atresia occurs due to embryological failure of buconal membrane division before birth. This disorder can occur together with other congenital disorders, namely coloboma, heart defects, mental retardation, growth disorders, genital hypoplasia, ear deformities and deafness ( CHARGE syndrome) . In addition, it can also occur together with Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome and Antley-Bixler syndrome . 1,2
Atresia koana is case Which seldom happen. Number incident Choanal atresia is 1 case per 5,000 – 7,000 births. Unilateral choanal atresia occurs more frequently, reaching 75% compared to atresia koana bilateral. Women have incident rate two more times higher than men. Risk increased in multiple births. Chromosomal anomalies can also be found in 6% of cases of choanal atresia. 1-3
Clinical symptoms of choanal atresia vary between unilateral and bilateral types. Unilateral choanal atresia sufferers sometimes do not show typical symptoms at birth but will later cause unilateral chronic nasal drainage disorders. And obstruction nose, whereas sufferer with atresia koana bilateral usually will shows signs of increasing efforts to breathe moment closed mouth meeting, and retraction chest until followed by cyanosis. Cycle This ends when the sufferer cries. 1-5
The diagnosis of choanal atresia is based on alloanamnesis, physical examination physique as well as inspection support. Inspection physique can performed using a catheter to detect obstruction. 3
Once the diagnosis is established, especially in bilateral choanal atresia, treatment Which appropriate is done action surgery Because can There is cyanosis and asphyxia which threatens the life of the patient. 1-3