Fracture mandibule is a fracture that occurs in the mandible, which is a bone that forms the lower third of the face and plays an important role in maintaining the shape and contour of the face. The mandible is U-shaped and consists of one corpus. And two fruit hair mandibulae. Mandible support tongue as well as muscle the floor of the mouth and plays a role in the function of mastication, articulation and speech of a person. 1,2 Tissue damage to the mandible can cause various problems ranging from impaired airway patency, problems with mastication function or malcollusion, disorders on articulation talk And swallow, until problem cosmetics. The damage that happen on mandible No only limited on network bone, but may involve defects in soft tissues and adjacent structures. 3 This condition can influence health physique, mentally, And quality life somebody. Mandibular fractures are the second most common facial fractures, because they are the most common bone. Which stand out Which located in edge And his position in one third lower face so it is often the target of forced injuries. In addition, it is a place of attachment of the masticatory muscles so that it has active movement. The diagnosis of mandibular fracture can be indicated by the presence of pain, swelling, tenderness, malocclusion, broken teeth, gaps, uneven teeth, asymmetry of the dental arch, intra-oral lacerations, loose teeth and crepitation. 1,2,3
In particular, the treatment of fractures of the mandible and maxillofacial bones was introduced by Hippocrates in 460-375 BC using guidelines occlusion or connection Which ideal between tooth lower And tooth jaw above as the basis for thinking and diagnosis of mandibular fractures. 1,2,4 The goal of mandibular fracture management is to obtain anatomical reduction of the fracture line, get return occlusion before injury, immobilization mandible in a certain period for healing, maintaining adequate nutrition, preventing infection, malunion and nonunion. Good knowledge and understanding of the mandibular structure and management of mandibular fractures are needed by surgeons in order to achieve good mandibular reconstruction.